3.3.5 – Areas, Spaces and Zones

Areas

1. Overview

The Area Tool in Revit allows architects and designers to calculate, document, and manage measurable floor areas in a project. It supports multiple industry classifications—gross areas, rentable areas, net areas, internal areas—and provides consistent, Revit-native schedules and graphical plans.
These tools become essential early in schematic design, feasibility studies, and throughout detailed design when calculations must reflect planning controls, certifications, and client briefs.


2. Area Schemes

Revit manages areas using Area Schemes, each representing a different calculation logic.
Typical schemes include:

  • Gross Building Area (GBA)
    Used for feasibility, project size, maximum allowable envelope, and planning controls.
  • Rentable Area / Commercial Area
    Used in retail, commercial buildings, BOMA/Property Council standards, etc.
  • Net Lettable Area (NLA)
    Used by planners, authorities, tenancy agreements, and internal layouts.
  • Custom Schemes
    For example: “Landscape Area”, “Fire Compartment Area”, “Common Areas”, “Circulation Areas”, or “Plot Ratio Area.”

Creating a Scheme

Manage > Area and Volume Computations > Area Schemes > New Scheme

Each scheme is independent, meaning:

  • It has its own area plans
  • Its boundaries do not affect other schemes
  • Schedules can be created per-scheme

3. Area Plans

Area Plans are view types dedicated to measuring areas.
Create area plans via:

View > Plan Views > Area Plan

Revit will ask:

  • Which Area Scheme?
  • Which Level?

Once the plan is created, you can place Area Boundaries that define the space.


4. Area Boundaries

Area Boundaries define the perimeter of the measurement.
There are three typical boundary types:

  1. Automatic Boundaries
    Revit can pick up existing walls. This is useful but not always reliable.
  2. Manual Boundaries
    You can draw boundaries to override automatic readings or to follow specific standards.
  3. Room Separation Lines vs Area Boundaries
    Remember: Rooms ≠ Areas.
    Rooms use room separation lines; areas use area boundaries. They are not interchangeable.

Best Practice

  • Use automatic boundaries where possible for consistency.
  • Use manual boundaries only when standards require it (e.g., BOMA rules inside wall faces).
  • Lock boundaries when finalised to preserve accuracy.

5. Creating Area Elements

Once the boundaries are set:

Architecture > Area > Place Area

Select the region inside the boundaries. Revit will create an Area Element, which behaves similarly to a Room.

Each Area Element contains:

  • Area number
  • Area name
  • Floor area (read-only)
  • Additional custom parameters you may add (e.g., efficiency ratio, tenancy type, zoning category)

6. Schedules

Area Schedules allow you to tabulate results per scheme.

Create via:

View > Schedules > Schedule/Quantities > Area

Key fields include:

  • Number
  • Name
  • Area
  • Level
  • Area Scheme
  • Comments or Classification Code (for Arcanary taxonomy)

Schedules support:

  • Sorting/grouping
  • Totals
  • Sub-totals
  • Conditional formatting
  • Additional calculated fields (e.g., NLA/GFA efficiency percentage)

7. Working With Multiple Options

For projects where different layouts need comparison, the Area Tool supports Design Options.

Workflow:

  1. Assign area boundaries to the option set.
  2. Ensure that area plans reference the correct option (primary or secondary).
  3. Place areas within each option.
  4. Create schedules filtered by option via a custom parameter (e.g., Option Name).

This method allows side-by-side feasibility studies.


8. Area Tool vs Room Tool

FeatureAreasRooms
Used forGFA, NLA, tenancies, site ratiosFinishes, room data sheets, internal layouts
Boundary logicArea Boundaries onlyRoom Separation + Walls
Multiple schemesYesNo
SchedulesVery flexibleHighly detailed
Use caseCompliance + FeasibilityArchitectural design and documentation

Areas are more abstract and suitable for standards, compliance, and large-scale measurement.
Rooms are more specific and connect with finishes, equipment, and room tags.


9. Best Practices for Architecture & Planning

1. Differentiate Schemes Early

  • “Gross Area – Planning”
  • “Net Area – Residential Units”
  • “Commercial Lettable Area”

2. Lock the Boundaries

When moving into coordination stages, lock boundaries to prevent accidental changes.

3. Use Classification Codes

Attach an Arcanary-style classification parameter (e.g., “BA-Code” or “Area Type”) to support reporting.

4. Use Colour Schemes

Colour-coded Area Plans help illustrate:

  • Public vs private zones
  • Tenancy divisions
  • Efficiency studies
  • GFA vs NLA

5. Separate Presentation vs Production Plans

Use:

  • Production Area Plans for calculation accuracy
  • Presentation Area Plans for client-friendly graphics

6. Combine Schedules with Calculated Fields

  • GFA / Site Area = Plot Ratio
  • NLA / GFA = Efficiency
  • Circulation Ratio = (Common Areas / Total Areas)

10. Common Issues and How to Fix Them

1. Areas not appearing

  • Area boundaries exist
  • Correct scheme is selected
  • View Range is not cutting away boundaries

2. Wrong measurements

  • Boundary lines placed on the wrong level
  • Overlapping boundaries
  • Using automatic boundaries where walls are not joined properly

3. Missing schedule data

  • Areas are placed (boundaries alone do not count)
  • Filters in schedules are correct
  • The correct scheme is used

11. Typical Usage in Real Projects

  • Urban planning: calculate GFA, building envelope, site coverage, plot ratio.
  • Residential projects: measure NLA per apartment, common areas, balconies, or garages.
  • Commercial projects: calculate rentable areas with BOMA or PCA standards.
  • Mixed-use developments: produce consolidated area tables per use.
  • Site massing: quick feasibility calculations for early planning stages.

12. Conclusion

The Revit Area Tool is essential for professional architectural workflows. When configured correctly, it provides robust, repeatable, and compliant area calculations that support planning controls, feasibility studies, client reporting, and technical documentation.
By combining Area Plans, Area Schemes, and Schedules, you can maintain accuracy throughout the project lifecycle and reinforce the One Source of Truth principle in every stage.

Building Area Types

AcronymNameTypical UseMeasures ToIncludesExcludes
NLANet Lettable AreaLeasingInternal face of wallsUsable tenant spaceShared/communal areas
GFAGross Floor AreaPlanningOuter face of external wallsHabitable floorsBasements/voids (varies)
GBAGross Built AreaConstruction costOuter structure lineAll built areasUncovered spaces
GIAGross Internal AreaValuationInternal face of external wallsInternal partitionsExternal walls
GEAGross External AreaMasterplanningExternal perimeterExternal wallsOpen terraces
UFAUsable Floor AreaResidential designInternal usable areaRooms, circulationExternal structures
Superficie ÚtilSpain – UsableSalesInternal usableHabitable layoutWalls/columns
Superficie ConstruidaSpain – BuiltContractsExternal perimeterAll built areaUncovered areas

Landscape Area Types

Area TypeTypically IncludesExcludesMain Purpose
Site AreaEntire plotRoad reserveBaseline planning metric
Soft Landscape AreaGrass, planting bedsPavingGreen coverage & ecology
Hard Landscape AreaPaving, decksPlantingCirculation & amenity
Deep Soil ZoneNatural groundSlabs/basementsTree growth, infiltration
Private Open SpacePrivate gardens, balconiesShared areasResidential amenity
Communal Open SpaceShared gardens/terracesPrivate use areasMulti-unit amenity
Impervious AreaConcrete, roofsGrassStormwater design
Permeable AreaSoil, permeable paversImpermeable surfacesCompliance with permeability targets
Green Roof/PodiumVegetation on structureNatural deep soilUrban greening

Spaces and Zones